pgr_createTopology

pgr_createTopology - Builds a network topology based on the geometry information.

Availability

  • Version 2.0.0

    • Renamed from version 1.x

    • Official function

Description

The function returns:

  • OK after the network topology has been built and the vertices table created.

  • FAIL when the network topology was not built due to an error.

Signatures

pgr_createTopology(edge_table, tolerance, [ options ])
options: [the_geom, id, source, target, rows_where, clean]
RETURNS VARCHAR

Parameters

The topology creation function accepts the following parameters:

edge_table :

text Network table name. (may contain the schema name AS well)

tolerance :

float8 Snapping tolerance of disconnected edges. (in projection unit)

the_geom :

text Geometry column name of the network table. Default value is the_geom .

id :

text Primary key column name of the network table. Default value is id .

source :

text Source column name of the network table. Default value is source .

target :

text Target column name of the network table. Default value is target .

rows_where :

text Condition to SELECT a subset or rows. Default value is true to indicate all rows that where source or target have a null value, otherwise the condition is used.

clean :

boolean Clean any previous topology. Default value is false .

Warning

The edge_table will be affected

  • The source column values will change.

  • The target column values will change.

    • An index will be created, if it doesn’t exists, to speed up the process to the following columns:

      • id

      • the_geom

      • source

      • target

The function returns:

  • OK after the network topology has been built.

    • Creates a vertices table: _vertices_pgr.

    • Fills id and the_geom columns of the vertices table.

    • Fills the source and target columns of the edge table referencing the id of the vertices table.

  • FAIL when the network topology was not built due to an error:

    • A required column of the Network table is not found or is not of the appropriate type.

    • The condition is not well formed.

    • The names of source , target or id are the same.

    • The SRID of the geometry could not be determined.

The Vertices Table

The vertices table is a requirement of the pgr_analyzeGraph and the pgr_analyzeOneWay functions.

The structure of the vertices table is:

id :

bigint Identifier of the vertex.

cnt :

integer Number of vertices in the edge_table that reference this vertex. See pgr_analyzeGraph .

chk :

integer Indicator that the vertex might have a problem. See pgr_analyzeGraph .

ein :

integer Number of vertices in the edge_table that reference this vertex AS incoming. See pgr_analyzeOneWay .

eout :

integer Number of vertices in the edge_table that reference this vertex AS outgoing. See pgr_analyzeOneWay .

the_geom :

geometry Point geometry of the vertex.

Usage when the edge table’s columns MATCH the default values:

The simplest way to use pgr_createTopology is: 

SELECT  pgr_createTopology('edges', 0.001, 'geom');
NOTICE:  PROCESSING:
NOTICE:  pgr_createTopology('edges', 0.001, 'geom', 'id', 'source', 'target', rows_where := 'true', clean := f)
NOTICE:  Performing checks, please wait .....
NOTICE:  Creating Topology, Please wait...
NOTICE:  -------------> TOPOLOGY CREATED FOR  18 edges
NOTICE:  Rows with NULL geometry or NULL id: 0
NOTICE:  Vertices table for table public.edges is: public.edges_vertices_pgr
NOTICE:  ----------------------------------------------
 pgr_createtopology
--------------------
 OK
(1 row)

When the arguments are given in the order described:

We get the same result AS the simplest way to use the function. 

SELECT  pgr_createTopology('edges', 0.001,
    'geom', 'id', 'source', 'target');
NOTICE:  PROCESSING:
NOTICE:  pgr_createTopology('edges', 0.001, 'geom', 'id', 'source', 'target', rows_where := 'true', clean := f)
NOTICE:  Performing checks, please wait .....
NOTICE:  Creating Topology, Please wait...
NOTICE:  -------------> TOPOLOGY CREATED FOR  18 edges
NOTICE:  Rows with NULL geometry or NULL id: 0
NOTICE:  Vertices table for table public.edges is: public.edges_vertices_pgr
NOTICE:  ----------------------------------------------
 pgr_createtopology
--------------------
 OK
(1 row)

Warning

An error would occur when the arguments are not given in the appropriate order: In this example, the column id of the table ege_table is passed to the function as the geometry column, and the geometry column the_geom is passed to the function as the id column. 

SELECT  pgr_createTopology('edges', 0.001,
    'id', 'geom');
NOTICE:  PROCESSING:
NOTICE:  pgr_createTopology('edges', 0.001, 'id', 'geom', 'source', 'target', rows_where := 'true', clean := f)
NOTICE:  Performing checks, please wait .....
NOTICE:  ----> PGR ERROR in pgr_createTopology: Wrong type of Column id:geom
HINT:    ----> Expected type of geom is integer,smallint or bigint but USER-DEFINED was found
NOTICE:  Unexpected error raise_exception
 pgr_createtopology
--------------------
 FAIL
(1 row)

When using the named notation

Parameters defined with a default value can be omitted, as long as the value matches the default And The order of the parameters would not matter. 

SELECT  pgr_createTopology('edges', 0.001,
    the_geom:='geom', id:='id', source:='source', target:='target');
 pgr_createtopology
--------------------
 OK
(1 row)


SELECT  pgr_createTopology('edges', 0.001,
    source:='source', id:='id', target:='target', the_geom:='geom');
 pgr_createtopology
--------------------
 OK
(1 row)


SELECT  pgr_createTopology('edges', 0.001, 'geom', source:='source');
 pgr_createtopology
--------------------
 OK
(1 row)

Selecting rows using rows_where parameter

Selecting rows based on the id. 

SELECT  pgr_createTopology('edges', 0.001, 'geom', rows_where:='id < 10');
 pgr_createtopology
--------------------
 OK
(1 row)

Selecting the rows where the geometry is near the geometry of row with id = 5 . 

SELECT  pgr_createTopology('edges', 0.001, 'geom',
    rows_where:='geom && (SELECT st_buffer(geom, 0.05) FROM edges WHERE id=5)');
 pgr_createtopology
--------------------
 OK
(1 row)

Selecting the rows where the geometry is near the geometry of the row with gid =100 of the table othertable . 

CREATE TABLE otherTable AS  (SELECT 100 AS gid,  st_point(2.5, 2.5) AS other_geom);
SELECT 1
SELECT  pgr_createTopology('edges', 0.001, 'geom',
    rows_where:='geom && (SELECT st_buffer(other_geom, 1) FROM otherTable WHERE gid=100)');
 pgr_createtopology
--------------------
 OK
(1 row)

Usage when the edge table’s columns DO NOT MATCH the default values:

For the following table 

CREATE TABLE mytable AS (SELECT id AS gid,  geom AS mygeom, source AS src , target AS tgt FROM edges) ;
SELECT 18

Using positional notation:

The arguments need to be given in the order described in the parameters.

Note that this example uses clean flag. So it recreates the whole vertices table. 

SELECT  pgr_createTopology('mytable', 0.001, 'mygeom', 'gid', 'src', 'tgt', clean := TRUE);
 pgr_createtopology
--------------------
 OK
(1 row)

Warning

An error would occur when the arguments are not given in the appropiriate order: In this example, the column gid of the table mytable is passed to the function AS the geometry column, and the geometry column mygeom is passed to the function AS the id column. 

SELECT  pgr_createTopology('mytable', 0.001, 'gid', 'mygeom', 'src', 'tgt');
NOTICE:  PROCESSING:
NOTICE:  pgr_createTopology('mytable', 0.001, 'gid', 'mygeom', 'src', 'tgt', rows_where := 'true', clean := f)
NOTICE:  Performing checks, please wait .....
NOTICE:  ----> PGR ERROR in pgr_createTopology: Wrong type of Column id:mygeom
HINT:    ----> Expected type of mygeom is integer,smallint or bigint but USER-DEFINED was found
NOTICE:  Unexpected error raise_exception
 pgr_createtopology
--------------------
 FAIL
(1 row)

When using the named notation

In this scenario omitting a parameter would create an error because the default values for the column names do not match the column names of the table. The order of the parameters do not matter: 

SELECT  pgr_createTopology('mytable', 0.001, the_geom:='mygeom', id:='gid', source:='src', target:='tgt');
 pgr_createtopology
--------------------
 OK
(1 row)


SELECT  pgr_createTopology('mytable', 0.001, source:='src', id:='gid', target:='tgt', the_geom:='mygeom');
 pgr_createtopology
--------------------
 OK
(1 row)

Selecting rows using rows_where parameter

Based on id: 

SELECT  pgr_createTopology('mytable', 0.001, 'mygeom', 'gid', 'src', 'tgt', rows_where:='gid < 10');
 pgr_createtopology
--------------------
 OK
(1 row)

SELECT  pgr_createTopology('mytable', 0.001, source:='src', id:='gid', target:='tgt', the_geom:='mygeom', rows_where:='gid < 10');
 pgr_createtopology
--------------------
 OK
(1 row)

SELECT  pgr_createTopology('mytable', 0.001, 'mygeom', 'gid', 'src', 'tgt',
    rows_where:='mygeom && (SELECT st_buffer(mygeom, 1) FROM mytable WHERE gid=5)');
 pgr_createtopology
--------------------
 OK
(1 row)

SELECT  pgr_createTopology('mytable', 0.001, source:='src', id:='gid', target:='tgt', the_geom:='mygeom',
    rows_where:='mygeom && (SELECT st_buffer(mygeom, 1) FROM mytable WHERE gid=5)');
 pgr_createtopology
--------------------
 OK
(1 row)

Selecting the rows where the geometry is near the geometry of the row with gid =100 of the table othertable . 

SELECT  pgr_createTopology('mytable', 0.001, 'mygeom', 'gid', 'src', 'tgt',
    rows_where:='mygeom && (SELECT st_buffer(other_geom, 1) FROM otherTable WHERE gid=100)');
 pgr_createtopology
--------------------
 OK
(1 row)

SELECT  pgr_createTopology('mytable', 0.001, source:='src', id:='gid', target:='tgt', the_geom:='mygeom',
    rows_where:='mygeom && (SELECT st_buffer(other_geom, 1) FROM otherTable WHERE gid=100)');
 pgr_createtopology
--------------------
 OK
(1 row)

Additional Examples

Create a routing topology

An alternate method to create a routing topology use pgr_extractVertices - Proposed

Make sure the database does not have the vertices_table 
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS vertices_table;
NOTICE:  table "vertices_table" does not exist, skipping
DROP TABLE
Clean up the columns of the routing topology to be created 
UPDATE edges
SET source = NULL, target = NULL,
x1 = NULL, y1 = NULL,
x2 = NULL, y2 = NULL;
UPDATE 18
Create the vertices table

  • When the LINESTRING has a SRID then use geom::geometry(POINT, )

  • For big edge tables that are been prepared,

    • Create it as UNLOGGED and

    • After the table is created ALTER TABLE .. SET LOGGED 

SELECT  * INTO vertices_table
FROM pgr_extractVertices('SELECT id, geom FROM edges ORDER BY id');
SELECT 17
Inspect the vertices table 
SELECT *
FROM vertices_table;
 id  in_edges  out_edges        x          y                      geom
----+----------+-----------+----------------+-----+--------------------------------------------
  1            {6}                     0    2  010100000000000000000000000000000000000040
  2            {17}                  0.5  3.5  0101000000000000000000E03F0000000000000C40
  3  {6}       {7}                     1    2  0101000000000000000000F03F0000000000000040
  4  {17}                 1.999999999999  3.5  010100000068EEFFFFFFFFFF3F0000000000000C40
  5            {1}                     2    0  010100000000000000000000400000000000000000
  6  {1}       {2,4}                   2    1  01010000000000000000000040000000000000F03F
  7  {4,7}     {8,10}                  2    2  010100000000000000000000400000000000000040
  8  {10}      {12,14}                 2    3  010100000000000000000000400000000000000840
  9  {14}                              2    4  010100000000000000000000400000000000001040
 10  {2}       {3,5}                   3    1  01010000000000000000000840000000000000F03F
 11  {5,8}     {9,11}                  3    2  010100000000000000000008400000000000000040
 12  {11,12}   {13}                    3    3  010100000000000000000008400000000000000840
 13            {18}                  3.5  2.3  01010000000000000000000C406666666666660240
 14  {18}                            3.5    4  01010000000000000000000C400000000000001040
 15  {3}       {16}                    4    1  01010000000000000000001040000000000000F03F
 16  {9,16}    {15}                    4    2  010100000000000000000010400000000000000040
 17  {13,15}                           4    3  010100000000000000000010400000000000000840
(17 rows)
Create the routing topology on the edge table

Updating the source information 

WITH
out_going AS (
  SELECT id AS vid, unnest(out_edges) AS eid, x, y
  FROM vertices_table
)
UPDATE edges
SET source = vid, x1 = x, y1 = y
FROM out_going WHERE id = eid;
UPDATE 18

Updating the target information 

WITH
in_coming AS (
  SELECT id AS vid, unnest(in_edges) AS eid, x, y
  FROM vertices_table
)
UPDATE edges
SET target = vid, x2 = x, y2 = y
FROM in_coming WHERE id = eid;
UPDATE 18
Inspect the routing topology 
SELECT id, source, target, x1, y1, x2, y2
FROM edges ORDER BY id;
 id  source  target  x1   y1         x2        y2
----+--------+--------+-----+-----+----------------+-----
  1       5       6    2    0               2    1
  2       6      10    2    1               3    1
  3      10      15    3    1               4    1
  4       6       7    2    1               2    2
  5      10      11    3    1               3    2
  6       1       3    0    2               1    2
  7       3       7    1    2               2    2
  8       7      11    2    2               3    2
  9      11      16    3    2               4    2
 10       7       8    2    2               2    3
 11      11      12    3    2               3    3
 12       8      12    2    3               3    3
 13      12      17    3    3               4    3
 14       8       9    2    3               2    4
 15      16      17    4    2               4    3
 16      15      16    4    1               4    2
 17       2       4  0.5  3.5  1.999999999999  3.5
 18      13      14  3.5  2.3             3.5    4
(18 rows)
images/Fig1-originalData.png

Generated topology

With full output

This example start a clean topology, with 5 edges, and then its incremented to the rest of the edges. 

SELECT pgr_createTopology('edges',  0.001, 'geom', rows_where:='id < 6', clean := true);
NOTICE:  PROCESSING:
NOTICE:  pgr_createTopology('edges', 0.001, 'geom', 'id', 'source', 'target', rows_where := 'id < 6', clean := t)
NOTICE:  Performing checks, please wait .....
NOTICE:  Creating Topology, Please wait...
NOTICE:  -------------> TOPOLOGY CREATED FOR  5 edges
NOTICE:  Rows with NULL geometry or NULL id: 0
NOTICE:  Vertices table for table public.edges is: public.edges_vertices_pgr
NOTICE:  ----------------------------------------------
 pgr_createtopology
--------------------
 OK
(1 row)

SELECT pgr_createTopology('edges',  0.001, 'geom');
NOTICE:  PROCESSING:
NOTICE:  pgr_createTopology('edges', 0.001, 'geom', 'id', 'source', 'target', rows_where := 'true', clean := f)
NOTICE:  Performing checks, please wait .....
NOTICE:  Creating Topology, Please wait...
NOTICE:  -------------> TOPOLOGY CREATED FOR  13 edges
NOTICE:  Rows with NULL geometry or NULL id: 0
NOTICE:  Vertices table for table public.edges is: public.edges_vertices_pgr
NOTICE:  ----------------------------------------------
 pgr_createtopology
--------------------
 OK
(1 row)

The example uses the Sample Data network.

See Also

Indices and tables