F.44. uuid-ossp
The
uuid-ossp
module provides functions to generate universally
unique identifiers (UUIDs) using one of several standard algorithms. There
are also functions to produce certain special UUID constants.
F.44.1.
uuid-ossp
Functions
Table F.32 shows the functions available to generate UUIDs. The relevant standards ITU-T Rec. X.667, ISO/IEC 9834-8:2005, and RFC 4122 specify four algorithms for generating UUIDs, identified by the version numbers 1, 3, 4, and 5. (There is no version 2 algorithm.) Each of these algorithms could be suitable for a different set of applications.
Table F.32. Functions for UUID Generation
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
uuid_generate_v1()
|
This function generates a version 1 UUID. This involves the MAC address of the computer and a time stamp. Note that UUIDs of this kind reveal the identity of the computer that created the identifier and the time at which it did so, which might make it unsuitable for certain security-sensitive applications. |
uuid_generate_v1mc()
|
This function generates a version 1 UUID but uses a random multicast MAC address instead of the real MAC address of the computer. |
uuid_generate_v3(namespace uuid, name text)
|
This function generates a version 3 UUID in the given namespace using
the specified input name. The namespace should be one of the special
constants produced by the
For example: SELECT uuid_generate_v3(uuid_ns_url(), 'http://www.postgresql.org'); The name parameter will be MD5-hashed, so the cleartext cannot be derived from the generated UUID. The generation of UUIDs by this method has no random or environment-dependent element and is therefore reproducible. |
uuid_generate_v4()
|
This function generates a version 4 UUID, which is derived entirely from random numbers. |
uuid_generate_v5(namespace uuid, name text)
|
This function generates a version 5 UUID, which works like a version 3 UUID except that SHA-1 is used as a hashing method. Version 5 should be preferred over version 3 because SHA-1 is thought to be more secure than MD5. |
Table F.33. Functions Returning UUID Constants
uuid_nil()
|
A " nil " UUID constant, which does not occur as a real UUID. |
uuid_ns_dns()
|
Constant designating the DNS namespace for UUIDs. |
uuid_ns_url()
|
Constant designating the URL namespace for UUIDs. |
uuid_ns_oid()
|
Constant designating the ISO object identifier (OID) namespace for UUIDs. (This pertains to ASN.1 OIDs, which are unrelated to the OIDs used in PostgreSQL .) |
uuid_ns_x500()
|
Constant designating the X.500 distinguished name (DN) namespace for UUIDs. |
F.44.2. Building
uuid-ossp
Historically this module depended on the OSSP UUID library, which accounts
for the module's name. While the OSSP UUID library can still be found
at
http://www.ossp.org/pkg/lib/uuid/
, it is not well
maintained, and is becoming increasingly difficult to port to newer
platforms.
uuid-ossp
can now be built without the OSSP
library on some platforms. On FreeBSD, NetBSD, and some other BSD-derived
platforms, suitable UUID creation functions are included in the
core
libc
library. On Linux, macOS, and some other
platforms, suitable functions are provided in the
libuuid
library, which originally came from the
e2fsprogs
project
(though on modern Linux it is considered part
of
util-linux-ng
). When invoking
configure
,
specify
--with-uuid=bsd
to use the BSD functions,
or
--with-uuid=e2fs
to
use
e2fsprogs
'
libuuid
, or
--with-uuid=ossp
to use the OSSP UUID library.
More than one of these libraries might be available on a particular
machine, so
configure
does not automatically choose one.
Note
If you only need randomly-generated (version 4) UUIDs,
consider using the
gen_random_uuid()
function
from the
pgcrypto
module instead.
F.44.3. Author
Peter Eisentraut
<
peter_e@gmx.net
>