Client Interfaces
| PostgreSQL 9.6.21 Documentation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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There are only two client interfaces included in the base PostgreSQL distribution:
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libpq is included because it is the primary C language interface, and because many other client interfaces are built on top of it.
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ECPG is included because it depends on the server-side SQL grammar, and is therefore sensitive to changes in PostgreSQL itself.
All other language interfaces are external projects and are distributed separately. Table H-1 includes a list of some of these projects. Note that some of these packages might not be released under the same license as PostgreSQL . For more information on each language interface, including licensing terms, refer to its website and documentation.
Table H-1. Externally Maintained Client Interfaces
| Name | Language | Comments | Website |
|---|---|---|---|
| DBD::Pg | Perl | Perl DBI driver | https://metacpan.org/release/DBD-Pg/ |
| JDBC | Java | Type 4 JDBC driver | https://jdbc.postgresql.org/ |
| libpqxx | C++ | C++ interface | https://pqxx.org/ |
| node-postgres | JavaScript | Node.js driver | https://node-postgres.com/ |
| Npgsql | .NET | .NET data provider | https://www.npgsql.org/ |
| pgtcl | Tcl | https://github.com/flightaware/Pgtcl | |
| pgtclng | Tcl | http://sourceforge.net/projects/pgtclng/ | |
| pq | Go | Pure Go driver for Go's database/sql | https://github.com/lib/pq |
| psqlODBC | ODBC | ODBC driver | https://odbc.postgresql.org/ |
| psycopg | Python | DB API 2.0-compliant | https://www.psycopg.org/ |